- "Distillation is a complex unit to model. Given M stages and N chemicals, we get M * (3 * N + 1) nonlinear and highly coupled equations for material, energy, and phase equilibria. Optimizing a distillation column is even more challenging. As a start, we can use \"shortcut\" methods which use simplifying assumptions to design and model a distillation column. Two common shortcut methods include the McCabe-Thiele methods for binary (2-component) distillation and the Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland method for multicomponent distillation. These methods can be surprisingly accurate (in some cases) and are often used for agile analyses where high-fidelity is not required."
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