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title Install R custom runtime
description Learn how to install an R custom runtime for SQL Server using Language Extensions. The Python custom runtime can run machine learning scripts.
author VanMSFT
ms.author vanto
ms.date 11/09/2022
ms.service sql
ms.subservice machine-learning-services
ms.topic how-to
ms.custom intro-installation, linux-related-content
zone_pivot_groups sqlml-platforms
monikerRange =sql-server-ver15||=sql-server-linux-ver15

Install an R custom runtime for SQL Server

[!INCLUDE SQL Server 2019 and later]

Learn how to install an R custom runtime for running external R scripts with SQL Server on:

  • Windows
  • Ubuntu Linux
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
  • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) version 12

The custom runtime can run machine learning scripts and uses the SQL Server Language Extensions.

Use your own version of the R runtime with SQL Server, instead of the default runtime version installed with SQL Server Machine Learning Services.

Beginning with [!INCLUDE sssql22-md], runtimes for R, Python, and Java, are no longer installed with SQL Setup. Instead, install your desired R custom runtime(s) and packages. For more information, see Install SQL Server 2022 Machine Learning Services (Python and R) on Windows or Install SQL Server Machine Learning Services (Python and R) on Linux.

::: zone pivot="platform-windows" [!INCLUDE R custom runtime - Windows] ::: zone-end

::: zone pivot="platform-linux-ubuntu" [!INCLUDE R custom runtime - Linux - Prerequisites]

[!INCLUDE R custom runtime - Linux - Ubuntu specific steps]

[!INCLUDE R custom runtime on Linux - Common steps] ::: zone-end

::: zone pivot="platform-linux-rhel" [!INCLUDE R custom runtime - Linux - Prerequisites]

[!INCLUDE R custom runtime - Linux - RHEL specific steps]

[!INCLUDE R custom runtime on Linux - Common steps] ::: zone-end

::: zone pivot="platform-linux-sles" [!INCLUDE R custom runtime - Linux - Prerequisites]

[!INCLUDE R custom runtime - Linux - SLES specific steps]

[!INCLUDE R custom runtime on Linux - Common steps] ::: zone-end

Enable external script

You can execute an R external script with the stored procedure sp_execute_external script.

To enable external scripts, use the MSSQL extension for Visual Studio Code to execute the following statement.

sp_configure 'external scripts enabled', 1;
RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE;

Verify installation

Use the following SQL script to verify the installation and functionality of the R custom runtime. In the below sample script, myR is used as the language name because the default language name R cannot be provided for a custom runtime.

EXEC sp_execute_external_script
    @language =N'myR',
    @script=N'
print(R.home());
print(file.path(R.home("bin"), "R"));
print(R.version);
print("Hello RExtension!");'

::: zone pivot="platform-windows" [!INCLUDE R custom runtime - Windows - known issues] ::: zone-end

::: zone pivot="platform-linux-rhel" [!INCLUDE R custom runtime - Linux - RHEL known issues] ::: zone-end

Next steps