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Merge pull request #99 from StatProofBook/master
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I/PbA.md

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- [Covariance matrix of the multinomial distribution](/P/mult-cov)
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### JoramSoch (352 proofs)
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### JoramSoch (355 proofs)
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- [Accuracy and complexity for the univariate Gaussian](/P/ug-anc)
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- [Accuracy and complexity for the univariate Gaussian with known variance](/P/ugkv-anc)
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- [Expression of the cumulative distribution function of the normal distribution without the error function](/P/norm-cdfwerf)
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- [Expression of the probability mass function of the beta-binomial distribution using only the gamma function](/P/betabin-pmfitogf)
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- [Extreme points of the probability density function of the normal distribution](/P/norm-extr)
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- [F-test for grand mean in two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-fgm)
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- [F-test for interaction in two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-fia)
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- [F-test for main effect in one-way analysis of variance](/P/anova1-f)
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- [F-test for main effect in two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-fme)
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- [First central moment is zero](/P/momcent-1st)
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- [First raw moment is mean](/P/momraw-1st)
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- [Full width at half maximum for the normal distribution](/P/norm-fwhm)

I/PbN.md

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| P369 | anova1-ols | [Ordinary least squares for one-way analysis of variance](/P/anova1-ols) | JoramSoch | 2022-11-06 |
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| P370 | anova1-f | [F-test for main effect in one-way analysis of variance](/P/anova1-f) | JoramSoch | 2022-11-06 |
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| P371 | anova2-ols | [Ordinary least squares for two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-ols) | JoramSoch | 2022-11-06 |
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| P372 | anova2-fme | [F-test for main effect in two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-fme) | JoramSoch | 2022-11-10 |
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| P373 | anova2-fia | [F-test for interaction in two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-fia) | JoramSoch | 2022-11-11 |
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| P374 | anova2-fgm | [F-test for grand mean in two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-fgm) | JoramSoch | 2022-11-11 |

I/PbT.md

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### F
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- [F-test for grand mean in two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-fgm)
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- [F-test for interaction in two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-fia)
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- [F-test for main effect in one-way analysis of variance](/P/anova1-f)
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- [F-test for main effect in two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-fme)
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- [First central moment is zero](/P/momcent-1st)
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- [First raw moment is mean](/P/momraw-1st)
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- [Full width at half maximum for the normal distribution](/P/norm-fwhm)

I/PwS.md

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- [Ordinary least squares for one-way analysis of variance](/P/anova1-ols)
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- [Ordinary least squares for simple linear regression](/P/slr-ols2)
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- [Ordinary least squares for the general linear model](/P/glm-ols)
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- [Ordinary least squares for two-way analysis of variance](/P/anova2-ols)
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- [Parameter estimates for simple linear regression are uncorrelated after mean-centering](/P/slr-olscorr)
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- [Posterior density is proportional to joint likelihood](/P/post-jl)
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- [Probability density function of the beta distribution](/P/beta-pdf)

P/anova2-fgm.md

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pages: "Purdue University, Spring 2011, Lect. 27"
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url: "https://www.stat.purdue.edu/~ghobbs/STAT_512/Lecture_Notes/ANOVA/Topic_27.pdf"
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proof_id: "P373"
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proof_id: "P374"
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shortcut: "anova2-fgm"
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username: "JoramSoch"
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---

P/anova2-fia.md

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pages: "retrieved on 2022-11-10"
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url: "https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/545807/proof-on-ss-ab-sigma2-sim-chi2-i-1j-1-under-the-null-hypothesis"
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proof_id: "P372"
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proof_id: "P373"
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shortcut: "anova2-fia"
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username: "JoramSoch"
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P/anova2-fme.md

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pages: "retrieved on 2022-11-10"
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url: "https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/124166/in-a-two-way-anova-how-can-the-f-statistic-for-one-factor-have-a-central-distri"
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proof_id: "P371"
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proof_id: "P372"
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shortcut: "anova2-fme"
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username: "JoramSoch"
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P/anova2-ols.md

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theorem: "Ordinary least squares for two-way ANOVA"
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sources:
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- authors: "Olbricht, Gayla R."
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year: 2011
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title: "Two-Way ANOVA: Interaction"
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in: "Stat 512: Applied Regression Analysis"
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pages: "Purdue University, Spring 2011, Lect. 27"
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url: "https://www.stat.purdue.edu/~ghobbs/STAT_512/Lecture_Notes/ANOVA/Topic_27.pdf"
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proof_id: "P371"
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shortcut: "anova2-ols"
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\begin{split}
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0 &= 2 n \hat{\mu} + 2 \left( \sum_{i=1}^{a} n_{i \bullet} \alpha_i + \sum_{j=1}^{b} n_{\bullet j} \beta_j + \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} n_{ij} \gamma_{ij} \right) - 2 \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} \\
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\hat{\mu} &= \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \sum_{i=1}^{a} \frac{n_{i \bullet}}{n} \alpha_i - \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{\bullet j}}{n} \beta_j - \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \gamma_{ij} \\
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\hat{\mu} &\overset{\eqref{eq:samp-size}}{=} \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \alpha_i - \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \beta_j - \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \gamma_{ij} \\
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\hat{\mu} &\overset{\eqref{eq:anova2-cons}}{=} \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk}
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&\overset{\eqref{eq:samp-size}}{=} \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \alpha_i - \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \beta_j - \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \gamma_{ij} \\
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&\overset{\eqref{eq:anova2-cons}}{=} \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} \\
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&\overset{\eqref{eq:mean-samp}}{=} \bar{y}_{\bullet \bullet \bullet}
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\end{split}
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$$
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$$ \label{eq:rss-der-alpha-zero}
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\begin{split}
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0 &= 2 n_{i \bullet} \hat{\mu} + 2 n_{i \bullet} \hat{\alpha}_i + 2 \left( \sum_{j=1}^{b} n_{ij} \beta_j + \sum_{j=1}^{b} n_{ij} \gamma_{ij} \right) - 2 \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} \\
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\hat{\alpha}_i &= \frac{1}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \hat{\mu} - \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n_{i \bullet}} \beta_j - \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n_{i \bullet}} \gamma_{ij} \\
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\hat{\alpha}_i &= \frac{1}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \hat{\mu} - \frac{n}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \beta_j - \frac{n}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \gamma_{ij} \\
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\hat{\alpha}_i &\overset{\eqref{eq:anova2-cons}}{=} \frac{1}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk}
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&= \frac{1}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \hat{\mu} - \frac{n}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \beta_j - \frac{n}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \gamma_{ij} \\
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&\overset{\eqref{eq:anova2-cons}}{=} \frac{1}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} \\
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&\overset{\eqref{eq:mean-samp}}{=} \bar{y}_{i \bullet \bullet} - \bar{y}_{\bullet \bullet \bullet}
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\end{split}
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$$
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$$ \label{eq:rss-der-beta-zero}
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\begin{split}
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0 &= 2 n_{\bullet j} \hat{\mu} + 2 n_{\bullet j} \hat{\beta}_j + 2 \left( \sum_{i=1}^{a} n_{ij} \alpha_i + \sum_{i=1}^{a} n_{ij} \gamma_{ij} \right) - 2 \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} \\
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\hat{\beta}_j &= \frac{1}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \hat{\mu} - \sum_{i=1}^{a} \frac{n_{ij}}{n_{\bullet j}} \alpha_i - \sum_{i=1}^{a} \frac{n_{ij}}{n_{\bullet j}} \gamma_{ij} \\
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\hat{\beta}_j &= \frac{1}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \hat{\mu} - \frac{n}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \alpha_i - \frac{n}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \gamma_{ij} \\
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\hat{\beta}_j &\overset{\eqref{eq:anova2-cons}}{=} \frac{1}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk}
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&= \frac{1}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \hat{\mu} - \frac{n}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \alpha_i - \frac{n}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \frac{n_{ij}}{n} \gamma_{ij} \\
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&\overset{\eqref{eq:anova2-cons}}{=} \frac{1}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} \\
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&\overset{\eqref{eq:mean-samp}}{=} \bar{y}_{\bullet j \bullet} - \bar{y}_{\bullet \bullet \bullet}
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\end{split}
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$$
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$$ \label{eq:rss-der-gamma-zero}
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\begin{split}
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0 &= 2 n_{ij} (\hat{\mu} + \hat{\alpha}_i + \hat{\beta}_j + \hat{\gamma_{ij}}) - 2 \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} \\
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\hat{\gamma_{ij}} &= \frac{1}{n_{ij}} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \hat{\alpha}_i - \hat{\beta}_j - \hat{\mu} \\
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\hat{\gamma_{ij}} &= \frac{1}{n_{ij}} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \frac{1}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \frac{1}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} + \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} \; .
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&= \frac{1}{n_{ij}} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \frac{1}{n_{i \bullet}} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} - \frac{1}{n_{\bullet j}} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} + \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{a} \sum_{j=1}^{b} \sum_{k=1}^{n_{ij}} y_{ijk} \\
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&\overset{\eqref{eq:mean-samp}}{=} \bar{y}_{i j \bullet} - \bar{y}_{i \bullet \bullet} - \bar{y}_{\bullet j \bullet} + \bar{y}_{\bullet \bullet \bullet} \; .
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\end{split}
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$$

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