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id ee13b5
name Video element visual-only content has transcript
rules_format 1.1
rule_type atomic
description Non-streaming `video` elements without audio must have all visual information available in a transcript.
accessibility_requirements
wcag-technique:G159 wcag20:1.3.1 wcag20:1.2.1
forConformance failed passed inapplicable
false
not satisfied
further testing needed
further testing needed
secondary
This success criterion is **related** to this rule. This is because this criterion applies to a visible transcript.
secondary
This success criterion is **less strict** than this rule. This is because this criterion does not require a transcript when the audio-only or video-only is a media alternative for text and is clearly labeled as such. Some of the failed examples may satisfy this success criterion.
input_aspects
DOM Tree
CSS Styling
Audio output
Visual output
Language
acknowledgments
authors funding assets
Brian Bors
Wilco Fiers
WAI-Tools
Rabbit video is © copyright 2008, Blender Foundation / [www.bigbuckbunny.org](https://www.bigbuckbunny.org)
htmlHintIgnore
tag-pair

Applicability

This rule applies to any non-streaming video element that is visible where the video does not contain audio.

Expectation

The visual information of each test target is available through a text transcript that is included in the accessibility tree, and is either on the page or linked.

Background

A "text transcript" in the context of this rule is defined in WCAG 2 as an alternative for time based media.

Assumptions

  • A mechanism is available to start the video and that the video element is not simply used to display the poster.
  • Users who are not visually impaired can comprehend the contents of the video through visual cues and information presented visually.

Accessibility Support

There are no accessibility support issues known.

Other Resources

Examples

Passed

Passed Example 1

This video element, which has no audio, has a visible text transcript available on the same page.

<html lang="en">
<video controls>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<p>The above video shows a giant fat rabbit climbing out of a hole in the ground.
He stretches, yawns, and then starts walking.
Then he stops to scratch his bottom.</p>
</html>

Passed Example 2

This video element, which has no audio, has a transcript which conveys information included in the video-only content. The transcript is available through a link on the same page.

<html lang="en">
<video controls>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<a href="/test-assets/rabbit-video/transcript.html">Transcript</a>
</html>

Passed Example 3

This video element, which has no audio, has a non-visible text transcript available on the same page.

<html lang="en">
<video controls>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<p style="position:absolute; left:-9999px; top:auto; width:1px; height:1px; overflow:hidden;">This video shows a giant fat rabbit climbing out of a hole in the ground.
He stretches, yawns, and then starts walking.
Then he stops to scratch his bottom.</p>
</html>

Failed

Failed Example 1

This video element, which has no audio, has an incorrect text transcript available on the same page.

<html lang="en">
<video controls>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<p>The above video shows a giant fat dog climbing out of a hole in the ground.
He stretches, yawns, and then starts walking.
Then he stops to scratch his bottom.</p>
</html>

Failed Example 2

This video element, which has no audio, has an incorrect text transcript available through a link on the same page.

<html lang="en">
<video controls>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<a href="/test-assets/rabbit-video/incorrect-transcript.html">Transcript</a>
</html>

Failed Example 3

This video element, which has no audio, has a text transcript available on the same page, but the transcript is not included in the accessibility tree.

<html lang="en">
<video controls>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<p aria-hidden="true">This video shows a giant fat rabbit climbing out of a hole in the ground.
He stretches, yawns, and then starts walking.
Then he stops to scratch his bottom.</p>
</html>

Inapplicable

Inapplicable Example 1

This video element has audio.

<html lang="en">
<video controls>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/video.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/video.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<a href="/test-assets/rabbit-video/transcript.html">Transcript</a>
</html>

Inapplicable Example 2

This video element is not visible.

<html lang="en">
<video controls style="display: none;">
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
  <source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<a href="/test-assets/rabbit-video/transcript.html">Transcript</a>
</html>