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timeline
- 1623-1662 Pascal
- 1620-1674 Graunt
- 1629-1695 Huygens
- 1657 Huygens's De radiociniis in ludo aleae
- 1663 Graunt's Natural and Political Observations Made upon the Bills of Mortality
- 1671 De Witt's 1st (unimplemented) mathematical annuity scheme, following Huygens
- 1687 Newton's Principia
- 1693 Edmund Halley's mortality table
- TK: Jakob Bernoulli, Nicholas Bernoulli, De Moivre, Fermat
- 1710 Arbuthnot's An Argument for Divine Providence Taken from the Constant Regularity Observed in the Birth of Both Sexes
- 1718 De Moivre's Doctrine of Chances
- 1725 De Moivre's Treatise of Annuities
- 1749–1827 Laplace
- 1766-1834 Malthus
- 1770 first usage of "statistics...the political arrangement of all the modern states of the known world."
- 1777-1855 Gauss
- 1792-1793 Condorcet
- 1796-1874 Quetelet
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1822-1911 Galton
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1824-1880 Broca
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1835 Quetelet's Treatise on Man, book: "Essay on Social Physics: Man and the Development of his Faculties,"
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1837 Transactions of the Statistical Society of London
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1837 Poisson coins the phrase "la loi des grands nombres" ("The law of large numbers")
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1842 British government abandons Babbage's Difference Engine
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1845 Quetelet's "Theory of Probabilities as applied to the Moral and Political Sciences"
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1857-1936 Karl Pearson
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1858-1917 Durkheim
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1858-1869 Florence Nightingale's data visualizations
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1859 Darwin's Origin of Species
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1863-1945 Charles Spearman (Rank correlation: 1904)
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1869 Minard's Napoleon graph (Paris, November 20, 1869)
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1871-1951 Udny Yule, Scottish statistician (multivariate regression: 1985)
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1877 Galton's On typical laws of heredity
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1885 Galton's Regression towards Mediocrity in Hereditary Science presented, September 10
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1890-1962 R A Fisher
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1894-1981 Jerzy Neyman
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1895-1980 Egon Pearson
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1895 Yule's "On the Correlation of Total Pauperism with Proportion of Out-relief"
- 1911 Pearson's Grammar of Science, 3rd edition, discusses correlations
- 1915-2000 Tukey
- 1932-1972 Tuskegee, led to research ethics standardizations
- 1936 Church and Turing
- 1943 McCulloch-Pitts
- 1948 First randomized controlled trial
- 1950 Turing Test
- 1952 Claude Shannon's Theseus (machine learning mouse)
- 1956 Dartmouth Artificial Intelligence meeting
- 1962 Tukey's FoDA
- 1964 ALPAC report in US (cf. AI Winter, US)
- 1965 Moore's law
- 1974 Lighthill Debate (cf. AI Winter, UK)
- 1981 Gould's Mismeasure of Man (updated 1996)
- 1993 Desrosiers's Politics of Large Numbers (In class we're following the 2002 translation)
- 2008 Igo's Averaged american
- 2015 Deep plays Atari
- 2015 Bouk's How our days became numbered