@@ -3973,6 +3973,115 @@ \subsubsection{Method 2: Umbrella sampling}
39733973\label {fig:US-freenergy }
39743974\end {figure }
39753975
3976+ \subsection {Tutorial 8: Reactive Molecular Dynamics }
3977+ \label {bond-react-label }
3978+
3979+ The goal of this tutorial is to create a system made of
3980+ carbon nanotubes embedded in a polymer melt made in nylon.
3981+
3982+ \subsubsection {Creating the system }
3983+
3984+ The first step of the tutorial is to mix small carbon nanotubes
3985+ with the polymer. Create a new input file, call it \textit {mixing.lmp },
3986+ and copy the following lines into it:
3987+ {\normalsize
3988+ \begin {verbatim }
3989+ units real
3990+ boundary p p p
3991+ atom_style full
3992+
3993+ kspace_style pppm 1.0e-5
3994+ pair_style lj/class2/coul/long 8.5
3995+ angle_style class2
3996+ bond_style class2
3997+ dihedral_style class2
3998+ improper_style class2
3999+ pair_modify tail yes mix sixthpower
4000+ special_bonds lj/coul 0 0 1
4001+ \end {verbatim }
4002+ }
4003+ The \textit {class2 } styles compute a 6/9 Lennard-Jones \cite {sun1998compass }.
4004+ The \textit {class2 } bonds, angles, dihedrals, and impropers are used as
4005+ well, see the documention for a description of their respective potentials.
4006+ The \textit {mix sixthpower } imposes a different mixing rule for the parameters
4007+ as compared to the previous tutorials.
4008+
4009+ Let us read the data file containing the unreacted nylon molecules, and
4010+ replicate it in all directions of the space. Add the folloxing lines
4011+ to \textit {mixing.lmp }:
4012+ {\normalsize
4013+ \begin {verbatim }
4014+ read_data nylon.data &
4015+ extra/bond/per/atom 5 &
4016+ extra/angle/per/atom 15 &
4017+ extra/dihedral/per/atom 15 &
4018+ extra/improper/per/atom 25 &
4019+ extra/special/per/atom 25
4020+ replicate 3 4 4
4021+ \end {verbatim }
4022+ }
4023+ The resulting box is $ (7.2 \, \text {nm})^3 $ in size, and its density is low
4024+ enough that inserting CNTs will be easy.
4025+
4026+ % S.G.: @jrgissing, here we should describe the content of nylon.data.
4027+ % How was it created, what is the specifity of the molecules involved, etc...
4028+
4029+ To add 5 CNTs to the simulation box, add the following commands
4030+ to \textit {mixing.lmp }:
4031+ {\normalsize
4032+ \begin {verbatim }
4033+ molecule CNT cnt.molecule
4034+ create_atoms 0 random 5 8305 NULL overlap 3 &
4035+ maxtry 500 mol CNT 7687
4036+ \end {verbatim }
4037+ }
4038+ Let us use the \textit {minimize } command to reduce the energy of the system:
4039+ {\normalsize
4040+ \begin {verbatim }
4041+ minimize 1.0e-4 1.0e-6 100 1000
4042+ reset_timestep 0
4043+ \end {verbatim }
4044+ }
4045+ Then, let us output images of the system using \textit {dump image },
4046+ and perform an equilibration of system using \textit {fix npt }
4047+ {\normalsize
4048+ \begin {verbatim }
4049+ dump mydmp all image 1000 dump.mixing.*.ppm type &
4050+ type shiny 0.1 box no 0.01 &
4051+ view 0 0 zoom 1.8 fsaa yes bond atom 0.5
4052+ dump_modify mydmp backcolor white &
4053+ acolor c2 gray acolor c_1 lightslategray &
4054+ acolor o dimgray acolor o_1 dimgray &
4055+ acolor hc lightslategray acolor ho lightslategray &
4056+ acolor hn lightslategray acolor hw white &
4057+ acolor o* red acolor n darkslategray &
4058+ acolor na darkslategray acolor cp lightpink &
4059+ adiam c2 0.3 adiam c_1 0.3 adiam cp 0.3 &
4060+ adiam o 0.28 adiam o_1 0.28 adiam o* 2.8 &
4061+ adiam hc 0.15 adiam ho 0.15 adiam hn 0.15 &
4062+ adiam hw 1.5 adiam n 0.3 adiam na 0.3
4063+
4064+ velocity all create 300 1829 dist gaussian &
4065+ mom yes rot yes
4066+ fix mynpt all npt temp 300 300 100 iso 1000 1000 1000
4067+
4068+ thermo 1000
4069+ thermo_style custom step temp pe etotal press density vol
4070+
4071+ run 10000
4072+ unfix mynpt
4073+
4074+ fix mynpt all npt temp 300 300 100 iso 1 1 1000
4075+
4076+ run 20000
4077+ write_data cnt-nylon-mix.data
4078+ \end {verbatim }
4079+ }
4080+ To speed up the equilibration of the system, the run is first performed
4081+ with an imposed pressure of 1000\, atm, and then with an imposed
4082+ pressure of 1\, atm.
4083+
4084+
39764085\section* {Author Contributions }
39774086% S.G. to update
39784087S.G. conceived and wrote all the online tutorials and underlying Sphinx documentation
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