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lammps-tutorials.tex

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@@ -4366,7 +4366,8 @@ \subsubsection{Method 2: Umbrella sampling}
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jump SELF loop
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\end{lstlisting}
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{\color{blue} The definition of a variable of loop style serves the same purpose
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as in Tutorial 5, and we highlight here the particular utility of using its value
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as in (\hyperref[reactive-silicon-dioxide-label]{Tutorial 5}), and we highlight
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here the particular utility of using its value
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to distinguish the files written by the \lmpcmd{fix ave_/time} command for the
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different bias potentials.}
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The \lmpcmd{spring} command imposes the additional harmonic potential $V$ with
@@ -4475,7 +4476,8 @@ \subsubsection{Creating the system}
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\end{lstlisting}
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The \lmpcmd{class2} styles compute a 6/9 Lennard-Jones potential~\cite{sun1998compass}.
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The \textit{class2} bond, angle, dihedral, and improper styles are used as
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well, see the documentation for a description of their respective potentials.
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well, see the documentation for a description of the respective {\color{blue} potential
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form they, each, prescribe}.
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{\color{blue}The \lmpcmd{tail yes} option adds long-range van der Waals tail
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corrections to the energy and pressure.}
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The \lmpcmd{mix sixthpower} imposes the following mixing rule for the calculation
@@ -4508,10 +4510,11 @@ \subsubsection{Creating the system}
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minimize 1.0e-4 1.0e-6 100 1000
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reset_timestep 0
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\end{lstlisting}
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{\color{blue}These commands should be familiar from previous tutorials.}
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Then, let us densify the system to a target value of $0.9~\text{g/cm}^3$
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by manually shrinking the simulation box at a constant rate. The dimension parallel
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to the CNT axis is maintained fixed because the CNT is periodic in that direction.
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by {\color{blue}imposing the} shrinking {\color{blue}of} the simulation box at a constant rate.
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The dimension parallel to the CNT axis is maintained fixed because the CNT is periodic in that direction.
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Add the following commands to \flecmd{mixing.lmp}:
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% SG: I removed the loop local, unless its important? But if it is, we have to
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% explain what it does and why it was chosen here.
@@ -4529,7 +4532,8 @@ \subsubsection{Creating the system}
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run 9000
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\end{lstlisting}
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The \lmpcmd{fix halt} command is used to stop the box shrinkage once the
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target density is reached.
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target density is reached{\color{blue}, and the other commands should be
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familiar from previous tutorials}.
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For the next stage of the simulation, we will use \lmpcmd{dump image} to
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output images every 200 steps:
@@ -4561,7 +4565,8 @@ \subsubsection{Creating the system}
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write_data mixing.data
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\end{lstlisting}
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For visualization purposes, the atoms from the CNT \lmpcmd{group} is moved
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For visualization purposes, the atoms {\color{blue} of}
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the CNT \lmpcmd{group} {\color{blue}are} moved
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to the center of the box using \lmpcmd{fix recenter}.
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As the time progresses, the system density,
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$\rho$, gradually converges toward the {\color{blue}target value of $0.9$\,g/cm$^3$} (Fig.~\ref{fig:evolution-density}\,a).
@@ -4695,10 +4700,18 @@ \subsubsection{Simulating the reaction}
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react R2 all 1 0 3.0 mol3 mol4 M-P.rxnmap &
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react R3 all 1 0 5.0 mol5 mol6 P-P.rxnmap
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\end{lstlisting}
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% CA: can someone confirm my changes added in this paragraph? I am unsure of them
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% as I literally just figured it out to write them. (PS: I just realized that some
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% of it may be redundant with the note, but I would still leave it as the reader
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% will have the full information.
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With the \lmpcmd{stabilization} keyword, the \lmpcmd{bond/react} command will
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stabilize the atoms involved in the reaction using the \lmpcmd{nve/limit}
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command with a maximum displacement of $0.03\,\mathrm{\AA{}}$. By default,
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each reaction is stabilized for 60 time steps. Each \lmpcmd{react} keyword
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command with a maximum displacement of $0.03\,\mathrm{\AA{}}$.
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{\color{blue}The \lmpcmd{nve/limit} is a command that functions similar to the
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\lmpcmd{nve} in terms of equation of motion implied, but has a constraint on
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how close atoms will be. In this case, it will be summoned internally within
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LAMMS as the \lmpcmd{bond/react} appears.}
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By default, each reaction is stabilized for 60 time steps. Each \lmpcmd{react} keyword
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corresponds to a reaction, e.g.,~a transformation of \lmpcmd{mol1} into \lmpcmd{mol2}
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based on the atom map \lmpcmd{M-M.rxnmap}. Implementation details about each reaction,
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such as the reaction distance cutoffs and the frequency with which to search for
@@ -4728,7 +4741,8 @@ \subsubsection{Simulating the reaction}
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undergoing stabilization is named by appending `\_REACT' to the user-provided prefix.
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\end{note}
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Add the following commands to \flecmd{polymerize.lmp} to operate in the NVT ensemble
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Add the following commands to \flecmd{polymerize.lmp} to
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{\color{blue} carry out the dynamics using a Nosé-Hoover thermostat}
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while ensuring that the CNT remains centered in the simulation box:
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\begin{lstlisting}
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fix mynvt statted_grp_REACT nvt temp 530 530 100
@@ -4741,7 +4755,8 @@ \subsubsection{Simulating the reaction}
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run 25000
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\end{lstlisting}
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Here, the \lmpcmd{thermo custom} command is used
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to print the cumulative reaction counts from \lmpcmd{fix rxn}.
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to print the cumulative reaction counts {\color{blue}which are calculated by} \lmpcmd{fix rxn}
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{\color{blue}and thus can be extracted from it}.
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Run the simulation using LAMMPS. As the simulation progresses, polymer chains are
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observed forming (Fig.~\ref{fig:REACT-final}). During this reaction process, the
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temperature of the system remains well-controlled (Fig.~\ref{fig:evolution-reacting}\,a),

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