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further cleaning tutorial 4
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lammps-tutorials.tex

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@@ -2199,7 +2199,7 @@ \subsubsection{System preparation}
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kspace_modify slab 3.0
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\end{lstlisting}
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These lines are used to define the most basic parameters, including the
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\lmpcmd{atom}, \lmpcmd{bond}, and \lmpcmd{angle} styles, as well as interaction
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atom, bond, and angle styles, as well as interaction
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potential. Here, \lmpcmd{lj/cut/tip4p/long} imposes a Lennard-Jones potential with
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a cut-off at $12\,\text{$\text{\AA{}}$}$ and a long-range Coulomb potential.
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@@ -2238,12 +2238,11 @@ \subsubsection{System preparation}
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factor of 4.04, the region box extends from $-12.12~\text{\AA{}}$ to $12.12~\text{\AA{}}$
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along the $x$ direction. The \lmpcmd{create\_box} command creates a simulation box with
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5 types of atoms: the oxygen and hydrogen of the water molecules, the two ions ($\text{Na}^+$,
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$\text{Cl}^-$), and the atom of the walls. The \lmpcmd{create\_box} command extends over 6
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lines thanks to the $\&$ character. The second and third lines are used to indicate that the
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simulation contains 1 type of bond and 1 type of angle (both required by the water molecule).
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The parameters for these bond and angle constraints will be given later. The three last
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lines are for memory allocation. The \lmpcmd{labelmap} command assigns alphanumeric type labels
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to each numeric atom type, bond type, and angle type.
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$\text{Cl}^-$), and the atoms from the walls. The simulation contains 1 type of bond
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and 1 type of angle (both required by the water molecules).
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The parameters for these bond and angle constraints will be given later. The \lmpcmd{extra/ (...)}
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keywords are for memory allocation. Finally, the \lmpcmd{labelmap} commands assign
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alphanumeric type labels to each numeric atom type, bond type, and angle type.
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Now, we can add atoms to the system. First, let us create two sub-regions corresponding
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respectively to the two solid walls, and create a larger region from the union of the
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To add the water molecules, the molecule
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template called \href{\filepath tutorial4/water.mol}{\dwlcmd{water.mol}}
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must be located next to \flecmd{}. The template contains all the
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must be located next to \flecmd{create.lmp}. The template contains all the
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necessary information concerning the water molecule, such as atom positions,
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bonds, and angles. Add the following lines to \flecmd{create.lmp}:
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\begin{lstlisting}
@@ -2421,7 +2420,7 @@ \subsubsection{System preparation}
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Let us move the atoms and place them in more energetically favorable positions
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before starting the actual molecular dynamics simulation. Although we refer to this step as
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\emph{energy minimization}, it is not a conventional \emph{minimization}
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\emph{energy minimization}, it is not a conventional minimization
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like that performed in the first tutorial; \hyperref[lennard-jones-label]{Lennard-Jones fluid}.
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Instead, we will conduct a molecular dynamics simulation, employing certain techniques
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to prevent the system from exploding due to overlapping atoms.
@@ -2599,9 +2598,10 @@ \subsubsection{System preparation}
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write_data equilibrate.data nocoeff
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\end{lstlisting}
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Run the \flecmd{input.lmp} file using LAMMPS. As seen from the values of
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\lmpcmd{deltaz}, the distance between the two walls reaches
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an equilibrium value (Fig.~\ref{fig:NANOSHEAR-equilibration}).
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Run the \flecmd{input.lmp} file using LAMMPS. Both the pressure and the distance
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between the two walls show oscillations at the start of the simulation
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but eventually stabilize at their equilibrium values toward
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the end of the simulation (Fig.~\ref{fig:NANOSHEAR-equilibration}).
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\begin{note}
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Note that it is generally recommended to run a longer equilibration. In this case,
@@ -2739,7 +2739,7 @@ \subsubsection{Imposed shearing}
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\end{figure}
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From the force applied by the fluid on the solid, one can extract the stress
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within the fluid, which enables the measurement of its viscosity $\dot{\eta}$
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within the fluid, which enables the measurement of its viscosity $\eta$
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according to $\eta = \tau / \dot{\gamma}$ where $\tau$ is the stress applied by
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the fluid on the shearing wall, and $\dot{\gamma}$ the shear rate
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\cite{gravelle2021violations}. Here, the shear rate is

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