@@ -230,22 +230,23 @@ \section{Introduction}
230230simulations, including hybrid MPI-OpenMP parallelization
231231and MPI + GPU acceleration (for a subset of its functionality).
232232
233- LAMMPS requires users to write detailed input files, a task that
234- can be particularly challenging for new users. Although its
235- documentation extensively describes all available features~\cite {lammps_docs },
233+ LAMMPS requires users to write detailed input files, a task that can be
234+ particularly challenging for new users. Although its documentation
235+ extensively describes all available features~\cite {lammps_docs },
236236navigating it can be challenging. Much of the information may be
237- unnecessary for common use cases, and the detailed manual can
238- often feel overwhelming. Beyond the intrinsic complexity of LAMMPS, performing accurate
239- MS requires several complex, system-specific decisions regarding
240- the physics to be modeled, such as selecting the thermodynamic
237+ unnecessary for common use cases, and the detailed manual can often feel
238+ overwhelming. Beyond the intrinsic complexity of LAMMPS, performing
239+ accurate MS requires several complex, system-specific decisions
240+ regarding the physics to be modeled, such as selecting the thermodynamic
241241ensemble (e.g.,~micro-canonical, grand-canonical), determining the
242242simulation duration, and choosing the sets of parameters describing the
243243interactions between atoms (the so-called force field)
244- \cite {wong2016good , van2018validation , prasad2018best }. While these choices are independent of the
245- simulation software, they may occasionally be constrained by the
246- features available in a given package. The tutorials in this
247- article aim to flatten the learning curve and guide users in
248- performing accurate and reliable molecular simulations with LAMMPS.
244+ \cite {wong2016good , van2018validation , prasad2018best }. While these
245+ choices are independent of the simulation software, they may
246+ occasionally be constrained by the features available in a given
247+ package. The tutorials in this article aim to flatten the learning
248+ curve and guide users in performing accurate and reliable molecular
249+ simulations with LAMMPS.
249250
250251\subsection {Scope }
251252
@@ -263,11 +264,12 @@ \subsection{Scope}
263264In \hyperref [carbon-nanotube-label]{tutorial 2}, a more complex system
264265is introduced, where atoms are connected by bonds: a small carbon
265266nanotube. The use of both classical and reactive force fields (here,
266- OPLS-AA and AIREBO) is illustrated. An external deformation is applied
267- to the CNT, and its deformation is measured. This tutorial also
268- demonstrates the use of an external tool to visualize breaking bonds,
269- and show the possibility to import LAMMPS-generated YAML log files into
270- Python.
267+ OPLS-AA~\cite {jorgensenDevelopmentTestingOPLS1996 } and
268+ AIREBO~\cite {stuart2000reactive }, respectively) is illustrated. An
269+ external deformation is applied to the CNT, and its deformation is
270+ measured. This tutorial also demonstrates the use of an external tool
271+ to visualize breaking bonds, and show the possibility to import
272+ LAMMPS-generated YAML log files into Python.
271273
272274In \hyperref [all-atom-label]{tutorial 3}, two components - liquid water
273275(flexible three-point model) and a polymer molecule - are merged and
@@ -280,9 +282,9 @@ \subsection{Scope}
280282
281283In \hyperref [sheared-confined-label]{tutorial 4}, an electrolyte is
282284confined between two walls, illustrating the specifics of simulating
283- systems with fluid-solid interfaces. The tutorial uses a slightly more
284- complex water model than \hyperref [all-atom-label]{ tutorial 3}: the
285- rigid four-point model TIP4P/2005~ \cite { abascal2005general }. A
285+ systems with fluid-solid interfaces. With the rigid four-point
286+ TIP4P/2005~ \cite { abascal2005general } water model, this tutorial uses a
287+ more complex water model than \hyperref [all-atom-label]{tutorial 3 }. A
286288non-equilibrium MD is performed by imposing shear on the fluid through
287289moving the walls, and the fluid velocity profile is extracted.
288290
@@ -653,15 +655,16 @@ \subsubsection{My first input}
653655
654656\paragraph {Snapshot Image }
655657
656- At this point, you can create a snapshot image of the
657- current system using the \guicmd {Image Viewer} window, which can be
658- accessed by clicking the \guicmd {Create Image} button in the \guicmd {Run} menu.
659- The image viewer works by instructing LAMMPS to render an image of the current system using
660- its internal rendering library via the \lmpcmd {dump image} command. The
661- resulting image is then displayed, with various buttons available to adjust
662- the view and rendering style. The image shown in
663- Fig.~\ref {fig:LJ } was created this way. This will always capture the current
664- state of the system. Save the image for future comparisons.
658+ At this point, you can create a snapshot image of the current system
659+ using the \guicmd {Image Viewer} window, which can be accessed by
660+ clicking the \guicmd {Create Image} button in the \guicmd {Run} menu. The
661+ image viewer works by instructing LAMMPS to render an image of the
662+ current system using its internal rendering library via the \lmpcmd {dump
663+ image} command. The resulting image is then displayed, with various
664+ buttons available to adjust the view and rendering style. The image
665+ shown in Fig.~\ref {fig:LJ } was created this way. This will always
666+ capture the current state of the system. Save the image for future
667+ comparisons.
665668
666669\paragraph {Energy minimization }
667670
@@ -1211,23 +1214,24 @@ \subsection{Tutorial 2: Pulling on a carbon nanotube}
12111214
12121215In this tutorial, the system of interest is a small, single-walled
12131216carbon nanotube (CNT) in an empty box (Fig.~\ref {fig:CNT }). The CNT is
1214- strained by imposing a constant velocity on the edge atoms.
1215- To illustrate the difference between conventional and reactive force fields, this
1216- tutorial is divided into two parts: in the first part, a conventional molecular force
1217- field (called OPLS-AA~\cite {jorgensenDevelopmentTestingOPLS1996 }) is
1218- used and the bonds between the atoms of the CNT are unbreakable. In the
1219- second part, a reactive force field (called AIREBO
1220- \cite {stuart2000reactive }) is used, which allows chemical bonds to break under large strain.
1217+ strained by imposing a constant velocity on the edge atoms. To
1218+ illustrate the difference between conventional and reactive force
1219+ fields, this tutorial is divided into two parts: in the first part, a
1220+ conventional molecular force field (called
1221+ OPLS-AA~\cite {jorgensenDevelopmentTestingOPLS1996 }) is used and the
1222+ bonds between the atoms of the CNT are unbreakable. In the second part,
1223+ a reactive force field (called AIREBO~\cite {stuart2000reactive }) is
1224+ used, which allows chemical bonds to break under large strain.
12211225
12221226To set up this tutorial, select \guicmd {Start Tutorial 2} from the
1223- \guicmd {Tutorials} menu of \lammpsgui {} and follow the instructions. This will
1224- select a folder, create one if necessary, and place several files into it.
1225- The initial input file, set up for a single-point energy
1227+ \guicmd {Tutorials} menu of \lammpsgui {} and follow the instructions.
1228+ This will select a folder, create one if necessary, and place several
1229+ files into it. The initial input file, set up for a single-point energy
12261230calculation, will also be loaded into the editor under the name
1227- \flecmd {unbreakable.lmp}. Additional files are a data file containing the
1228- CNT topology and geometry, named \flecmd {unbreakable.data}, a parameters file
1229- named \flecmd {unbreakable.inc}, as well as the scripts required for the second part
1230- of the tutorial.
1231+ \flecmd {unbreakable.lmp}. Additional files are a data file containing
1232+ the CNT topology and geometry, named \flecmd {unbreakable.data}, a
1233+ parameters file named \flecmd {unbreakable.inc}, as well as the scripts
1234+ required for the second part of the tutorial.
12311235
12321236\begin {figure }
12331237\centering
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