docs: add DEBIAN_SETUP.md using uv for Debian environments

Author: Schronding

LINUX_SETUP.md

@@ -8,39 +8,68 @@ git clone git@github.com:[username]/malariagen-data-python.git
 cd malariagen-data-python
 ```
 
-## 2. Install Python
+## 2. Install pipx
+
+Choose the command for your Linux distribution:
+
+**Ubuntu, Debian, and Mint:**
+
 ```bash
-sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
-sudo apt install python3.10 python3.10-venv
+sudo apt update
+sudo apt install -y pipx
+pipx ensurepath
 ```
 
-## 3. Install pipx and poetry
+**Fedora:**
+
+```bash
+sudo dnf install pipx
+pipx ensurepath
+```
+
+**Arch Linux:**
+
+```bash
+sudo pacman -S python-pipx
+pipx ensurepath
+```
+
+*(Note: You may need to open a new terminal or run `source ~/.profile` to apply PATH changes after this step).*
+
+## 3. Install Poetry and Python 3.12
+
+The package requires `>=3.10,<3.13`. We use Poetry's built-in installer to handle the Python version universally across all distributions.
+
 ```bash
-python3.10 -m pip install --user pipx
-python3.10 -m pipx ensurepath
 pipx install poetry
+poetry python install 3.12
 ```
 
 ## 4. Create and activate development environment
+
 ```bash
-poetry install
+poetry env use 3.12
+poetry install --extras dev
 poetry shell
 ```
 
 ## 5. Install pre-commit hooks
+
 ```bash
 pipx install pre-commit
 pre-commit install
 ```
 
 Run pre-commit checks manually:
+
 ```bash
 pre-commit run --all-files
 ```
 
 ## 6. Run tests
 
 Run fast unit tests using simulated data:
+
 ```bash
 poetry run pytest -v tests/anoph
 ```
@@ -50,16 +79,19 @@ poetry run pytest -v tests/anoph
 To run legacy tests which read data from GCS, you'll need to [request access to MalariaGEN data on GCS](https://malariagen.github.io/vector-data/vobs/vobs-data-access.html).
 
 Once access has been granted, [install the Google Cloud CLI](https://cloud.google.com/sdk/docs/install):
+
 ```bash
 ./install_gcloud.sh
 ```
 
 Then obtain application-default credentials:
+
 ```bash
 ./google-cloud-sdk/bin/gcloud auth application-default login
 ```
 
 Once authenticated, run legacy tests:
+
 ```bash
 poetry run pytest --ignore=tests/anoph -v tests
 ```