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Update ee13b5 and 1a02b0 rules to clarify that transcript for video content does not need to be visible #2187

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WilcoFiers merged 15 commits into from
Oct 9, 2025
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Update ee13b5 and 1a02b0 rules to clarify that transcript for video content does not need to be visible #2187

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0d83c20
Address clarification about non-visible transcription for video-only …
giacomo-petri May 3, 2024
0cbfe66
Update video-transcript-1a02b0.md
giacomo-petri May 3, 2024
86a5ee6
Update video-transcript-1a02b0.md
giacomo-petri May 3, 2024
551e806
Update video-only-transcript-ee13b5.md
giacomo-petri May 23, 2024
609219d
Update _rules/video-transcript-1a02b0.md
giacomo-petri Aug 4, 2025
b3a092e
Update _rules/video-only-transcript-ee13b5.md
giacomo-petri Aug 4, 2025
922d9bf
Update _rules/video-transcript-1a02b0.md
giacomo-petri Aug 4, 2025
f2b99f7
Update video-only-transcript-ee13b5.md
giacomo-petri Aug 4, 2025
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Update video-transcript-1a02b0.md
giacomo-petri Aug 4, 2025
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Apply suggestions from code review
giacomo-petri Aug 7, 2025
a70a1ba
Update _rules/video-transcript-1a02b0.md
kengdoj Aug 8, 2025
739ec88
Update _rules/video-transcript-1a02b0.md
kengdoj Aug 8, 2025
ea3f6e4
fixed headings per new format
giacomo-petri Aug 11, 2025
dd37459
fix headings per new format
giacomo-petri Aug 11, 2025
c4c48c6
Merge branch 'develop' into giacomo-petri-video-only-transcript-patch
giacomo-petri Aug 11, 2025
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32 changes: 27 additions & 5 deletions _rules/video-only-transcript-ee13b5.md
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ accessibility_requirements:
failed: not satisfied
passed: further testing needed
inapplicable: further testing needed
wcag20:1.3.1: # Info and Relationships (A)
secondary: This success criterion is **related** to this rule. This is because this criterion applies to a visible transcript.
wcag20:1.2.1: # Audio-only and Video-only (Prerecorded) (A)
secondary: This success criterion is **less strict** than this rule. This is because this criterion does not require a transcript when the audio-only or video-only is a media alternative for text and is clearly labeled as such. Some of the failed examples may satisfy this success criterion.

input_aspects:
- DOM Tree
- CSS Styling
Expand All @@ -36,11 +41,12 @@ This rule applies to any [non-streaming](#non-streaming-media-element) `video` e

## Expectation

The visual information of each test target is available through a text transcript that is [visible][], [included in the accessibility tree][], and is either on the page or linked.
The visual information of each test target is available through a text transcript that is [included in the accessibility tree][], and is either on the page or linked.

## Assumptions

A mechanism is available to start the video and that the video element is not simply used to display the [poster](https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/semantics-embedded-content.html#element-attrdef-video-poster).
- A mechanism is available to start the video and that the video element is not simply used to display the [poster](https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/semantics-embedded-content.html#element-attrdef-video-poster).
- Users who are not visually impaired can comprehend the contents of the video through visual cues and information presented visually.

## Accessibility Support

Expand All @@ -61,7 +67,7 @@ A "text transcript" in the context of this rule is defined in WCAG 2 as an [alte

#### Passed Example 1

This `video` element, which has no audio, has a text transcript available on the same page.
This `video` element, which has no audio, has a visible text transcript available on the same page.

```html
<html lang="en">
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -89,6 +95,22 @@ This `video` element, which has no audio, has a transcript which conveys informa
</html>
```

#### Passed Example 3

This `video` element, which has no audio, has a non-visible text transcript available on the same page.

```html
<html lang="en">
<video controls>
<source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
<source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<p style="position:absolute; left:-9999px; top:auto; width:1px; height:1px; overflow:hidden;">This video shows a giant fat rabbit climbing out of a hole in the ground.
He stretches, yawns, and then starts walking.
Then he stops to scratch his bottom.</p>
</html>
```

### Failed

#### Failed Example 1
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -131,7 +153,7 @@ This `video` element, which has no audio, has a text transcript available on the
<source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
<source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<p style="text-indent: -9999px;">The above video shows a giant fat rabbit climbing out of a hole in the ground.
<p style="text-indent: -9999px;">This video shows a giant fat rabbit climbing out of a hole in the ground.
He stretches, yawns, and then starts walking.
Then he stops to scratch his bottom.</p>
</html>
Expand All @@ -147,7 +169,7 @@ This `video` element, which has no audio, has a text transcript available on the
<source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
<source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/silent.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<p aria-hidden="true">The above video shows a giant fat rabbit climbing out of a hole in the ground.
<p aria-hidden="true">This video shows a giant fat rabbit climbing out of a hole in the ground.
He stretches, yawns, and then starts walking.
Then he stops to scratch his bottom.</p>
</html>
Expand Down
43 changes: 40 additions & 3 deletions _rules/video-transcript-1a02b0.md
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ accessibility_requirements:
failed: not satisfied
passed: further testing needed
inapplicable: further testing needed
wcag20:1.3.1: # Info and Relationships (A)
secondary: This success criterion is **related** to this rule. This is because this criterion applies to a visible transcript.
wcag20:1.2.1: # Audio-only and Video-only (Prerecorded) (A)
secondary: This success criterion is **less strict** than this rule. This is because this criterion does not require a transcript when the audio-only or video-only is a media alternative for text and is clearly labeled as such. Some of the failed examples may satisfy this success criterion.
input_aspects:
- DOM Tree
- CSS Styling
Expand All @@ -41,13 +45,14 @@ This rule applies to every [non-streaming](#non-streaming-media-element) `video`

## Expectation

The visual information of each test target is available through a text transcript that is [visible][], [included in the accessibility tree][], and is either on the page or linked.
The visual information of each test target is available through a text transcript that is [included in the accessibility tree][], and is either on the page or linked.
Comment thread
giacomo-petri marked this conversation as resolved.

**Note:** A "text transcript" in the context of this rule is defined in WCAG 2 as an [alternative for time based media](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/#dfn-alternative-for-time-based-media).

## Assumptions

This rule assumes that a mechanism is available to start the video and that the video element is not simply used to display the [poster](https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/semantics-embedded-content.html#element-attrdef-video-poster).
- This rule assumes that a mechanism is available to start the video and that the video element is not simply used to display the [poster](https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/semantics-embedded-content.html#element-attrdef-video-poster).
- Users who are not visually impaired can comprehend the contents of the video through visual cues and information presented visually.

## Accessibility Support

Expand All @@ -69,7 +74,7 @@ There are no accessibility support issues known.

#### Passed Example 1

A video element with a text transcript on the same page.
A video element with a visible text transcript on the same page.

```html
<html lang="en">`
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -97,6 +102,22 @@ A video element with a link to a text transcript on a different page.
</html>
```

#### Passed Example 3

This `video` element has a non-visible text transcript available on the same page.

```html
<html lang="en">
<video controls>
<source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/video.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
<source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/video.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<p style="position:absolute; left:-9999px; top:auto; width:1px; height:1px; overflow:hidden;">The above video shows a giant fat rabbit climbing out of a hole in the ground.
He stretches, yaws, and then starts walking.
Then he stops to scratch his bottom.</p>
</html>
```

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giacomo-petri marked this conversation as resolved.
### Failed

#### Failed Example 1
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -129,6 +150,22 @@ A video element with a link to an incorrect text transcript on a different page.
</html>
```

#### Failed Example 3

This `video` element has a text transcript available on the same page, but the transcript is not [included in the accessibility tree][].

```html
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<html lang="en">
<video controls>
<source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/video.mp4" type="video/mp4"></source>
<source src="/test-assets/rabbit-video/video.webm" type="video/webm"></source>
</video>
<p aria-hidden="true">The above video shows a giant fat rabbit climbing out of a hole in the ground.
He stretches, yaws, and then starts walking.
Then he stops to scratch his bottom.</p>
</html>
```

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@Jym77 Jym77 May 23, 2024

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This collides with the changes made in #2064.

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@giacomo-petri giacomo-petri May 24, 2024

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Thanks for catching that. Requested more details in #2186

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@kengdoj kengdoj May 29, 2024 •
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This PR is removing "included in the accessibility tree" from the expectation. This will be a passed example since a transcript is available.

#2186 (comment)

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@WilcoFiers WilcoFiers Aug 29, 2024

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This PR is the correct direction. We remove the change from 2064. AG decided that transcripts aren't strictly required to be visible.

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### Inapplicable

#### Inapplicable Example 1
Expand Down